Dynamic marks indicate how loud or soft the music
should be played. For instrumental parts, dynamic marks are placed under (or near-by) a
note beneath the musical staff. For a vocal part, the dynamic mark is placed above (or
near-by) a note on top of the musical staff.
| forte possible: | As loud as possible |
| fortissimo: | Very loud. |
| forte: | Loud. |
| mezzo forte: | Moderately loud. |
| mezzo piano: | Moderately soft. |
| piano: | Soft. |
| pianissimo: | Very soft. |
| piano possible: | As soft as possible. |
| forte-piano: | Loud, then immediately soft. |
| sforzando: | Strongly accented. |
| rinforzando: | Reinforced. |
